Who is Chhathi Maiya?
Although the Sun God (Surya) is a central deity of Chhath Puja, the festival’s name and emotional essence come from Chhathi MaiyaIn Hindu mythology, Chhathi Maiya is regarded as the sister of Lord Surya. She is the divine power that worshippers invoke for the well-being, long life, and prosperity of their children and families.
The Manifestation of Shashti Devi
According to the Brahma Vaivarta PuranaChhathi Maiya represents the sixth manifestation of Prakriti (Nature) and is recognized as Shashti Devi (The goddess of the sixth day). It is believed that Lord Brahma created the universe and split Prakriti into six portions, with the sixth part named Shashti.
Shashti Devi is considered the guardian of children. She grants childless couples the gift of offspring and safeguards the longevity and health of their children. Consequently, the main reason many women undertake the demanding 36-hour fast is for the welfare of their children.
The Legend of King Priyavrat
A well-known legend linked to Chhathi Maiya tells the story of King Priyavrat and his wife, Queen Malini. Though married for many years, they had no children. Sage Kashyap recommended the king conduct a Putrakameshti Yajna. As a result of the yajna, the queen conceived, but sadly, the child was stillborn.
Consumed by sorrow, the king was on the verge of ending his life when a luminous goddess appeared before him in the heavens. She identified herself as Shashti Devi, guardian of the universe's children. She gently touched the lifeless child, restoring his breath and life. Deeply thankful, the king vowed to honor her annually on the sixth day of the Kartik month, founding the custom of Chhath Puja.
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